探索与争鸣 ›› 2021, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (9): 112-120.

• 社会与文明 • 上一篇    下一篇

乡土中国与乡村调查研究|“乡土中国”的现代出路:费孝通与吴景超的分殊与汇合

王小章   

  • 出版日期:2021-09-24 发布日期:2021-09-24

The Modern Way out of “Local China”: The Difference and Convergence of Fei Xiaotong and Wu Jingchao

  • Online:2021-09-24 Published:2021-09-24

摘要:

对于中国最基础性的国情,费孝通和吴景超的诊断是基本一致的,但由于对社会历史发展之机理走向的认识和把握方式不同,他们在中国工业化、城市化的路径选择上呈现出彼此的分殊;而当“乡土中国”或“第四种国家”的现代出路问题涉及政治、文化层面时,他们的观点又呈现出明显的趋同汇合。费孝通与吴景超这两位代表性的社会学前辈观点的分殊与汇合,引申出现代化的价值目标、路径选择和特定国情之关系的问题。 “乡土中国”的现代出路,归根结底就是在肯定人类作为“类存在物”所具有的价值追求,立足于“乡土中国”的基本国情,充分地调动和利用本土一切积极的资源,充分地借鉴、采择在世界现代化过程中形成的各种物质的、精神的等适用手段,推动“乡土中国”以自己的方式进入现代化历史进程。

关键词: 费孝通|吴景超|乡土中国|第四种国家|现代出路

Abstract:

For China’s most basic national conditions, the diagnosis of Fei Xiaotong and Wu Jingchao is basically the same. However, their understanding and grasp of the mechanism and trend of social and historical development are different, so they show differences in the path choice of China’s industrialization and urbanization. The differences and convergence of the two representative sociological predecessors, extend the problem of the relationship between the value goal, path choice and specific national conditions of modernization.

Key words: Fei Xiaotong|Wu Jingchao|native China|the fourth country|modern way out