摘要：

分层是剖析作为治理客体核心的老年群体异质性的重要方法论，中国老龄社会治理体系与治理能力的现代化亟需在自然分层与社会分层的双重维度和“时间—空间—制度”三维机制下，构建以精准把握治理客体特征为基础的精准治理范式。自然分层维度下，年龄分层与队列推移将推动我国老龄社会治理重心转变，老龄化的女性化与老龄性别分层间存在突出矛盾；社会分层维度下，双重优势与劣势累积机制、结果性与机会性资源匹配的梯度差异和作为新的老龄分层表现形式的数字分层，应成为老龄社会治理的进一步关切。推动老龄社会精准治理体系优化，需要从根本上破除治理的年龄本位主义，加快老年人力资源开发进程，关注全生命周期的多维公平促进。

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Abstract:

Stratification is an important methodology for analyzing the heterogeneity of the elderly group, which is the core of the governance object. The modernization of China’s governance system and capacity for its aging society urgently requires the construction of a targeted governance paradigm based on a precise grasp of the characteristics of the governed population under the dual dimensions of natural and social stratification and the three-dimensional mechanism of “time-space-institution”. In the natural stratification dimension, age stratification and cohort progression will drive the shift of the governance focus of China’s aging society, and there is a prominent contradiction between the feminization of aging and gender stratification among the elderly. In the social stratification dimension, the dual mechanisms of advantage and disadvantage accumulation, gradient differences in the matching of outcome-based and opportunity-based resources, and digital stratification as a new form of aging stratification should become further concerns for aging society governance. To promote the optimization of the targeted governance system for the aging society, it is necessary to fundamentally eliminate age-based governance, accelerate the process of developing elderly human resources, and focus on promoting multidimensional equity throughout the entire life cycle.

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