摘要：

国家统计局最新数据显示，“2024年我国60岁及以上老年人口首次突破3亿，占全国人口的22%”。当“深度老龄化社会”不再遥远，以“健康”为核心的银发社会的高质量生活将构成“十五五”时期重要议题，其不仅关乎个体生活品质和家庭生活幸福，更攸关社会结构稳定与经济高质量发展。近年来，随着人工智能技术的迭代发展，银发经济与健康产业迸发新机；与此同时，慢性病累积、流行病高发叠加医养实践中一些制度性顽疾，也使得“银发社会与健康中国”议题更显紧迫。为此，《探索与争鸣》编辑部与湖南大学公共管理学院特邀相关领域专家学者联合举办圆桌会议，着力探讨如何借力科技创新、汲取国际经验、更新观念理路、完善指标体系、健全制度保障，形成基于全生命周期主动健康治理的“中国方案”，以“银发社会治理共同体”合力推进银发社会的健康现代化进程。

彭希哲教授提出，要对中国人口老龄化和个体衰老进程进行多尺度测量，形成对人口族群特质敏感的“中国人衰老图谱”，构建“身—家—群—国”的中国式健康养老模式，为全球健康老龄社会贡献基于全生命周期主动健康治理的“中国方案”。翟绍果教授强调，积极健康老龄化要把握“健康红利”机遇，构建“银发社会治理共同体”——立足于银发健康共同体的健康保障体系、依托银发数字共同体的健康管理体系、面向全龄共治共同体的老年健康参与体系。李璐研究员指出，当前银发经济发展存在有效需求不足、市场供给不优和政策支持不系统等问题，针对“十五五”时期新形势，应从需求侧、供给侧和政策端共同发力，推动银发经济高质量发展。阳义南教授针对现有银发经济测度指标存在的统计范围不准、产业边界不清等问题，构建了涵盖“总指数—五大核心维度—多级细分指标”的银发经济发展指标体系，并指出其实践要旨。陈友华教授指出，AI技术赋能养老健康服务的场景拓展和效率提升，但在应用中也面临技术让渡、范式异化、算法让渡、数字裂痕等困境，需要从技术改进、制度创新、社会支撑、文化调适等方面采取协同优化路径。郭未教授提出，将艺术疗愈纳入老龄健康研究与政策体系，有望重塑健康资源与文化心理支持系统在地域与阶层之间的分配逻辑，推动老龄社会的健康公平与社会融合，进而构建“有质量、无贫困、能参与”的包容性健康老龄化社会。张奎力教授强调，农村医疗服务体系的不均衡影响老龄人口健康，为使农村老龄人口更好地实现“老有所医”，应建立具有韧性的医疗管理制度、构建长期稳定和谐的医患关系、重塑基层医疗服务体系，并引入互联网医疗等新型服务方式。杨锃教授通过对比神户模式与上海实践，指出老龄认知友好社会建设须以消解“健全者”与“残障者”二元对立的普同理念为价值基石，通过立法保障、社保兜底、社会支持、技术普惠构建健康治理体系，进而迈向全龄友好型社会。

Abstract:

When the “deeply aging society” is no longer far away, the high-quality life of the silver society centered on “health” will become an important issue during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. It not only concerns the quality of individual life and family happiness, but also the stability of social structure and high-quality economic development. In recent years, with the iterative development of artificial intelligence technology, new opportunities have emerged in the silver economy and the health industry. Meanwhile, the accumulation of chronic diseases, the high incidence of epidemics, and some persistent institutional issues in medical and elderly care practices have also made the issue of “Silver Society and Healthy China” even more pressing. To address this, the editorial department of Exploration and Free Views and the Public Administration School of Hunan University, have jointly invited experts and scholars from relevant fields to hold a roundtable conference.   

Professor Peng Xizhe proposed that multi-scale measurements should be conducted on China’s population aging and the individual aging process to create an “aging atlas for the Chinese population” that is sensitive to the unique characteristics of different demographic groups, and to establish a Chinese-style healthy elderly care model encompassing “individual - family - community - nation”. Professor Zhai Shaoguo emphasized the need to build a “governance community for the silver society”, which includes a health security system based on a silver health community, a health management system relying on a silver digital community, and an elderly health participation system oriented towards a whole-age co-governance community. Researcher Li Lu pointed out that efforts should be made jointly from the demand side, supply side, and policy front. Professor Yang Yinan constructed an indicator system for the development of the silver economy that covers a “general index - five core dimensions - multi level sub-indicators”, and highlighted its practical essence. Professor Chen Youhua pointed out that a collaborative optimization path needs to be taken from the aspects of technological improvement, institutional innovation, social support, and cultural adjustment. Professor Guo Wei proposed that incorporating art therapy into aging health research and policy systems. Professor Zhang Kuili emphasized the importance of establishing a resilient medical management system, fostering long-term, stable, and harmonious doctor-patient relationships, reshaping the primary level medical service system, and introducing new service models such as Internet-based healthcare. Professor Yang Zeng stated that a healthy governance system should be built through legislative protection, social security support, social assistance, and technological inclusiveness, thereby moving towards an age-friendly society for all.