摘要： 在当代欧洲，从政府、知识界到公众，有一个非常独特的自我定位，那就是所谓“规范权力”（normative power）。他们普遍认为欧洲与当今世界乃至人类历史上所有的国家或政治体都不一样，欧洲一体化脱胎于传统民族国家和威斯特伐利亚体系，但对其进行了超越和升华，规范代替了排他性的主权权力，欧洲在人类历史价值进化的序列中遥遥领先。但真的是这样吗？事实上，这一“规范权力”说内部矛盾重重，与现实也有着巨大距离；它与美国例外说和“历史终结论”有相似之处，但又有着关键区别。这一奇特的“欧洲版历史终结论”有着现实的后果，它有助于解释为什么在当今世界变局中，欧洲宁愿一再降低身份、服从美国意志，也不愿真心实意地与非西方国家、“全球南方”国家平等合作。

关键词: 欧洲, 洲一体化, 规范权力, 帝国, 历史终结论

Abstract: In contemporary Europe, from governments and intellectual circles to the general public, there is a highly distinctive self-perception of Europe as a so-called “normative power”. There is a widely held belief that Europe is fundamentally different from all other nations or political entities in the contemporary world and even throughout human history. European integration emerged from the traditional nation-state and the Westphalian system, but has transcended and evolved beyond them, replacing exclusive sovereign power with norms. Europe is seen as far ahead in the evolutionary sequence of human historical values. But is this truly the case? In reality, this concept of “normative power” is riddled with internal contradictions and is vastly disconnected from actual circumstances. While it shares similarities with American exceptionalism and the “end of history” thesis, it also has critical differences. This peculiar “European version of the end of history” has real-world consequences. It helps explain why, amid today’s global transformations, Europe would rather repeatedly lower its status and submit to the will of the United States than engage in sincere and equal cooperation with non-Western countries and the Global South.

Key words: Europe, European integration, normative power, empire, end of history thesis