摘要：

差序格局是费孝通先生揭示乡土中国、中国社会、中国文明之深层结构的重要概念。在方法论层面，差序格局具有重要的世界文明与文明批评史意义。差序格局是一种弹性的同心圆格局，其内涵的存在主义、长期主义、语境主义原则及弹性智慧，深刻影响了传统中国社会，也深刻形塑着当代城市中国。差序格局以中国方式有效、辩证、智慧地处理了个体与整体、传承与更新、短期与长期、边界与语境等关系。差序格局可能是中国文明长期延绵、韧性存在的一个重要原因，而当代城市中国在空间形制、秩序生态、社会关系等方面具有深刻的差序格局特点。在市场化、全球化、城市化等新时代语境下，差序格局也需要探索新的实现方式。如果不能与时俱进，差序格局有可能呈现负面效应。处理好市场与政府、科技与人文、规则与流程的弹性关系，对于推进差序格局的时代更新和城市中国的未来建构具有重大意义。

关键词:

城市中国, 文明特质, 乡土中国, 差序格局, 文明弹性, 文明更新

Abstract:

“The differential mode of association” is an important concept introduced by Mr. Fei Xiaotong to unveil the deep-seated structures of rural China, Chinese society, and Chinese civilization. It represents a flexible concentric-circle structure, with its inherent existentialist, long-termist, contextualist principles, and elastic wisdom profoundly influencing traditional Chinese society and continuing to shape contemporary urban China. It effectively manages the relationships between the individual and the whole, tradition and innovation, the shortterm and the long-term, boundaries and contexts in a distinctly Chinese way. Contemporary urban China exhibits profound characteristics of the differential mode of association in terms of spatial configuration, orderly ecology, and social relations. In the new era characterized by marketization, globalization, and urbanization, the differential mode of association also needs to explore new ways of realization.

Key words: urban China,  civilizational characteristics,  rural China,  the differential mode of association,  civilizational resilience,  civilizational renewal