摘要： 2025年8月26日，《国务院关于深入实施“人工智能+”行动的意见》发布，其在“加快实施 重点行动”部分明确提出“创新哲学社会科学研究方法”，强调推动哲学社会科学研究方法向人机 协同模式转变，探索建立适应人工智能时代的新型哲学社会科学研究组织形式，拓展研究视野和观 察视域 ；深入研究人工智能对人类认知判断、伦理规范等方面的深层次影响和作用机理，探索形成 智能向善理论体系，促进人工智能更好造福人类。在这一政策指引下，作为人工智能与社会科学深 度融合的前沿领域，社会计算（或计算社会科学）的发展体现了推动哲学社会科学研究方法向人机 协同模式转变的迫切性和复杂性。尽管这一前沿领域催生了计算心理学、计算传播学、计算社会学 等多个子学科，但其自身面临独立的理论基础和方法论框架缺失的困境。针对这一问题，本组笔谈 遵循“破—立—拓”的逻辑架构，从认识论维度剖析计算理性与社会理性的分歧，从方法论角度探 索协调计算技术与社会理论矛盾的路径，并在实践论层面推动社会科学范式的变革，旨在突破学科 藩篱，为构建智能向善的理论体系和推动哲学社会科学研究向人机协同模式转变提供理论指引。

Abstract: he development of social computing (or computational social science) underscores the urgency and complexity of transitioning philosophical and social science research methodologies towards a human-machine collaborative model. Although this frontier field has given rise to multiple sub-disciplines, such as computational psychology, computational communication, and computational sociology, it faces the dilemma of lacking an independent theoretical foundation and methodological framework. To address this issue, this group of discussions analyzes the divergence between computational rationality and social rationality from an epistemological perspective, explores the path to reconcile the contradiction between computational technology and social theory from a methodological perspective, and promotes the transformation of social science paradigms at the practical level. The aim is to break through disciplinary barriers and provide theoretical guidance for building an intelligent and benevolent theoretical system and promoting the transformation of philosophical and social science research towards a human-machine collaborative model.