摘要： 我国 1953 年起在全国范围内建立卫生防疫站，1989 年版《传染病防治法》规定卫生防 疫机构承担责任范围内的传染病监测管理工作，2004年修订后的《传染病防治法》规 定了疾控机构的法律地位。疾控机构作为事业单位法人，应以立法授予疾控机构必要的 外部职能，并明确疾控机构的法定职责与法律责任。此外，还应重构行政机关与疾控机 构间关系，理性认识疾控机构的专业性和相对自主性，以自律规范推进疾控机构的自我 规制。疾控机构应依法履行行政过程中的咨询性、辅助性职能，应明确行政机关在疾控体系建设中的保障义务，行政机关应对疾控机构进行合法性监督。同时，应加强上级疾 控机构对下级疾控机构的业务指导，加强疾控机构和医疗机构、公众之间的联系，打造相互合作、相互学习的治理网络。

关键词: 疾病预防控制机构, 行政组织法, 事业单位法人, 专业性, 相对自主性 

Abstract: Since 1953, China has established health and epidemic prevention stations throughout the nation. The 1989 version of the Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases stipulates that Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) should be responsible for the surveillance and management of infectious diseases. The revised edition of law in 2004 speci?ed the legal status of CDC. As the institutional legal person, CDC should be granted necessary external functions by legislation, and its responsibilities ought to be clari?ed. In addition, the relationship between administrative organs and CDC should be rebuilt to promote its self-regulation with specialty, relative autonomy and self-discipline. Besides, CDC have to perform the consultative and complementary function during administrative process and clarify the guarantee obligations of administrative organs which conduct valid surveillance of CDC. In order to build a governance network of mutual cooperation and learning, it is necessary to strengthen the business guidance to subordinate CDC and reinforce the connection among CDC, medical institutions and the public. 

Key words: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, administrative organization law, institutional legal person, specialty, relative autonomy