探索与争鸣 ›› 2021, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (1): 110-117.

• 技术与文明 • 上一篇    下一篇

多级所有与权利嵌入:论个人信息的群己权界

李风华,易晨   

  • 出版日期:2021-01-24 发布日期:2021-01-24

Multi-level Ownership and Rights Embedment: On the Group-self Rights Border

  • Online:2021-01-24 Published:2021-01-24

摘要:

大数据中的个人信息权利是一个新型的群己权界问题。从基础权利归属来看,由于个人信息的所有权无法做到清晰、绝对和完整,个人信息私有观和公共观都无法令人满意,因此,个人信息的多级所有是必然的选择。在这种权利结构中,国家拥有个人信息的终极控制权,企业等机构有权合理积极利用个人信息,同时尽可能地保护个人隐私和自由。在权利实践路径上,个人信息多级所有采用一种权利嵌入的过程,而不是粗率直接的权利分割。也就是说,各种个人信息所有权的配置将依据具体的事件和条件而实施。其具体的权利嵌入方式有保管性权利嵌入、公益性权利嵌入、商业性权利嵌入、研究性权利嵌入、政治性权利嵌入等。

关键词: 个人信息 ,  权利归属 ,  多级所有 ,  权利嵌入 ,  群己权界

Abstract:

The personal information rights in big data is a new group-self rights border problem. Since the ownership of personal information cannot be clear, absolute and complete, privatization and socialization of personal information are both unacceptable, thus, the multi-level ownership is the only choice. In multi-level rights structure, the national government has the ultimate control rights, organizations such as enterprises can use personal information reasonably and positively, while personal privacy and liberty should be guaranteed. As to the rights implementation, there should be a process of rights embedment, while specific rights arrangement will depend on its context and conditions. The specific ways of embedding rights are as follows: keeping rights embedment, public goods rights embedment, commercial rights embedment, investigative rights embedment, and political rights embedment, etc.

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