摘要：

《民法典》适用方法论中的“超越文本主义”并非是对“文本主义”的否定，而是在法律规范的基础上推动中国民法向回应型、开放型法转变的有益尝试。“超越文本主义”强调在法律适用时应兼顾立法者意图，融贯性地解释与遵循法律原则；此种主张契合我国《民法典》编撰中体现的创新性特点，能够为社会主义核心价值观、绿色原则等开放性条款融入法律适用提供通道。然而，“超越文本主义”亦可能带来削弱法律安定性的担忧，包括弱化法律文本的权威性、冲击法律秩序的稳定性，以及使法律适用实践的操作性复杂化。为此，必须要在“文本主义”与“超越文本主义”之间寻求平衡，在明确文本主义的优先地位的前提下，廓清“超越文本主义”的适用边界，包括立法意图解释的边界、原则或价值融贯解释的边界以及功能解释与动态解释的边界。此外，应通过对中国司法实践案例的总结，提炼出具有普遍性和规律性的裁判规则和解释方法。

关键词:

Abstract:

The “beyond textualism” in the application methodology of the Civil Code is not a negation of “textualism”, but a beneficial attempt to promote the transformation of Chinese civil law into a responsive and open law on the basis of legal norms. “Beyond textualism” emphasizes that during legal application, both the legislative intent should be taken into account and the law should be interpreted and followed coherently in line with legal principles. This proposition is in line with the innovative characteristics embodied in the compilation of China’s Civil Code and can provide a channel for integrating open-ended clauses such as the socialist core values and the green principle into legal application. However, “beyond textualism” may also raise concerns about undermining legal stability, including weakening the authority of legal texts, disrupting the stability of the legal order, and reducing the operability of legal application practices. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a balance between “textualism” and “beyond textualism”. In addition, by summarizing cases from Chinese judicial practice, universally applicable and regular adjudication rules and interpretation methods should be extracted.

Key words:

textualism,  beyond textualism,  legal methodology,  doctrinal jurisprudence,  legal interpretation methods