摘要： 正向确立以非个人数据为客体的数据权利存在极大的理论争议，非个人数据确权困境现实存在，数据利用所产生的社会问题亦日益突出。通过规制手段反向考察数据权利尤为必要。对数据价值生成与数据权利生产进行分析可知，算法是其中的核心要素。一方面，在数据价值的形成中，算法始终处于中心地位，使从低价值的原始数据到高价值的衍生数据的转变成为可能。另一方面，伴随着数据价值的增加，数据制造者亦提出了相应的权利诉求。在应对这些诉求的过程中，算法规制的内容为数据行为划定了边界。由此可见，运用算法规制在正向实现数据正义的同时可反向实现数据确权。具体而言，应以合法性为中心构建算法规制原则，保护合法的数据；以用户为中心设置具体的算法规制规则，塑造数据权利的边界。
关键词:
数据,
非个人数据,
数据权利,
算法规制,
信息社会
Abstract:
At present, data right has created tremendous controversy. Its difficulty is real. The social problems arising from data utilization are also increasingly prominent. It is especially necessary to reversely examine data right through regulatory measures. The analysis of data value generation and data right production shows that algorithms are the core factor of data value and data right, and it also act as the key regulatory object in the network age. On the one hand, in the formation of data value, algorithm is always at the center. It making the transition from low-value raw data to high-value derivative data possible. On the other hand, along with the increasing value of data, data makers have also raised corresponding claims. In the process of responding to these demands, the content of the relevant algorithm regulation defines the boundaries of data behavior. It can be seen that the use of algorithm regulation can achieve data justice while realizing data right. Specifically, the principle of algorithm regulation should be built with legality as the center to protect legitimate data; specific algorithmic rules should be set up with users as the center to shape the boundaries of data right.
Key words:
data,
non-personal data,
data right,
algorithm regulation,
information society
韩旭至. 算法维度下非个人数据确权的反向实现[J]. 探索与争鸣, 2019(11): 141-150.
Han Xuzhi. Building Data Right in an Algorithmic Regulatory Model[J]. Exploration and Free Views, 2019(11): 141-150.